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Liberian English is a term used to refer to the varieties of English spoken in Liberia. There are five such varieties: * Standard Liberian English or Liberian Settler English * Kru Pidgin English * Liberian Kreyol language (Vernacular Liberian English) from African American Vernacular English * Merico language (Americo-Liberian settlers from the United States of America * Caribbean English (ex-Caribbean slaves settlers from the Caribbean islands Normally, Liberians use these terms refer to all such varieties simply as 'English.' Additionally, the term 'Liberian English' is sometimes used for all varieties except the standard. ==Standard Liberian English== Standard Liberian English is the language of those people whose African American ancestors from the United States and the Caribbean islands immigrated to Liberia in the nineteenth century. This variety is a transplanted variety of African American Vernacular English from the southern part of the United States. It is most distinctive in isolated settlements such as Louisiana, Lexington, and Bluntsville, small communities upriver from Greenville in Sinoe County. According to 1993 statistics, approximately 69,000 people, or 2.5% of the population, spoke Standard Liberian English as a first language. The vowel system is more elaborate than in other West African variants; Standard Liberian English distinguishes from , and from , and uses the diphthongs , , and . Vowels can be nasalised. The final vowel of ''happy'' is . It favours open syllables, usually omitting syllable-final , , or a fricative. The interdental fricatives appear as in syllable-initial position, and as finally. The glottal fricative is preserved, as is the voiceless labio-velar fricative (in such words as ''whit'' and ''which'' in contrast to voiced in ''wit'' and ''wish''. Affricates have lost their stop component, thus > . Between vowels, may be flapped (>) as in North American English. Liquids are lost at the end of words or before consonants, making Standard Liberian English a non-rhotic dialect.〔Brinton, Lauren and Leslie Arnovick. ''The English Language: A Linguistic History''. Oxford University Press: Canada, 2006〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Liberian English」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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